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The term "proxy" means the notion of a proxy frequently called proxy server software that serves to act as an intermediary for server and client via the internet. Without a proxy, a client could make a request for an online server, and the server would serve direct to the requester. Although this method is easy to understand and implement, adding proxies offers advantages such as more performance as well as security and privacy and so on. As a pass-through layer, the proxy serves as a shield to the internet between users and servers.




In general, the set of server hardware coupled with the software for proxy installation is often known as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are usually described as software but specifically in relation to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types of proxies: that is the reverse proxy as well as a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type comes with its own use case, and is often misunderstood due to the overlapping terms.




This article will give you an idea of the nature of proxies, as well as their subtypes and ways in which they can be beneficial in a variety of configurations. If you go through this article, you'll learn to identify instances where the use of proxy servers is advantageous, and determine the best alternative between forward and reverse proxy in any given situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy is also referred to as the open proxy serves as the representative of the client trying to transmit an internet request to a server that is the source. In this case every request made from the user's side will be handled by the forward proxy. Forward proxy taking place of the client examines the request. It will then determine whether the client is permitted to send requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it will decide whether to reject the request or transfer it on to the source server. The client isn't able to connect directly with the Internet. It can only connect to the internet that the forward proxy allows the client to access.




The most popular reason for using forward proxy services is to increase privacy or security when using the internet. A forward proxy can be used to access the internet rather than the client. In this way, it utilizes an alternative IP address to the IP address that was originally used by the client.




Depending on how it's been configured, and how it's set up forward proxy could offer a variety of features that allow users to:




Beware of ads-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You will be able to identify any restrictions based on your geographical location.




Forward proxies can also be used to secure systems that are centralized and have access based on permissions, like at a workplace. If all internet traffic is routed through a common forward proxy layer, an administrator could limit access for only a select group of internet users, which is filtered by a common firewall. Instead of establishing filters for client layers which could be used by a number of computers that have different kinds of environments, it is possible to set up an firewall that is located in the front proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxies must be manually configured for use in order to be used, whereas reverse proxies are able to remain unnoticed by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address belonging to the user is relayed back to the server that originated it by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity are granted or denied.




There are numerous possibilities to think about when it comes to forward proxies.




Apache An open source, well-known web server that has forward proxy capability.


Nginx: Another widely used open-source webserver which comes with forward proxy features.


Squid: A no-cost forward proxy that works with an HTTP protocol. It doesn't come with the whole web server. Follow our steps on how to configure Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which is more appropriate for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. You might also want to learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections with Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server, which processes requests from customers for its behalf. This server can represent one or more servers. It could also serve as an app server like Gunicorn. In either case, a request would come via the internet in general. In most cases, the request is sent directly to the web server which hosts the resources that the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy is a intermediary and isolates this webserver from all direct interaction with the public internet.




From the point of view of the client an individual's perspective the procedure of using reverse proxy is not different from interacting with the server by itself. It's exactly the same however the client can't see the distinction. The client requests the resource, and is then supplied with it, with no extra configuration required for the customer.




Reverse proxies provide features like:




The web server is secured centrally.


Incoming traffic is directed based upon rules you set.


A new feature to cache has been added.




While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers. Reverse proxy providers offer this benefit only to the server layer and they do not offer this feature to clients. instead of maintaining firewalls at the server layer which could contain multiple servers, each with different configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the burden of working with a firewall and connecting to requests from clients away from web servers allows firewalls to focus on serving the requirements of their customers.




If there are multiple servers being hosted within a reverse proxy it is responsible for how requests are routed through the server that is hosting them. Many web servers may be providing the same service, but offering different types of resource or a combination of both. The servers could use an HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, however, they may also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can also set up reverse proxy settings to send users to specific servers based on the resource requested or to abide by specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit by their positioning in front of web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static assets may be configured using caching rules to ensure that web servers are not hit with every request. There are options that allow you to serve directly static assets without connecting directly to web servers in any form. Additionally, reverse proxy is capable of compressing these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server functions as a reliable reverse proxy option. While Apache has a reverse proxy solution it is not the only one. Apache web server is equipped with a reverse proxy functionality which is an additional option that is accessible to Apache but Nginx was originally designed to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.



The difference is between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Situations



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" come with connotations of directionality as well as misleading analogies to "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing because both kinds of proxies handle both requests as well as responses. The best way to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy is to look at the requirements of the application you're developing.




A reverse proxy can be helpful in the development of an application that connects web-based applications on the internet. They act as your web servers when you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy can be beneficial when they are used in front of customers for your personal use or in a professional setting. They serve as the proxy for your client when you are on the internet.




Distinguishing by use case instead of focusing on the common naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains what a proxy is and provides two types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical examples of its use and a review of the advantageous features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the use of proxy servers, you should look over our guide on how you can configure Nginx as a reverse proxy using Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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