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It is a proxy commonly called a proxy server is software that acts as a middleman between the user and server on the web. Without the use of proxy, a user would make a request a resource directly to a server, and it would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. It's not hard to comprehend and apply the addition of proxies can bring advantages such as improved performance, privacy, security, and many more. In addition to providing a layer of pass-through, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet, separating clients and servers.




In general, the entire set of hardware used by servers and the software to install proxy servers is often referred too by the name proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies commonly referred to as software, and in connection with web server. The article will provide details of the two main kinds of proxies. They comprise forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use case, often confused due to the overlapping name convention.




This article will provide you with an idea of the what proxies and their subtypes are, as well as how they work in the normal configurations. In the article you'll learn what situations in which using proxy servers is beneficial, and select the right option, based on forward and reverse proxy in each circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In the same way, a forward proxy sometimes called an open proxy is a representative of a customer who would like to make requests via the internet to an originating server. In this situation any attempts to send requests made by the client will instead be sent to the forward proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy that is in the place that of the user will review the request. First, it must determine whether the client is authorized to receive requests from this particular forward proxy. The client will either decline the request or forward it to its original server. The client is not able to have an internet connection directly It can only access what forward proxy allows it to connect to.




The most popular reason for using forward proxies is to increase privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy utilizes the internet instead of a client, and in that process it could use an alternative IP address that is different from the client's original IP address.




Depending on how it's been configured, and based on the way it is configured forward proxy could provide a range of features and also the capability to:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on the geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies are also employed in systems that provide centralized security and access based on user permissions, for example, at work. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy an administrator could grant access to only certain users to the internet filtered by the common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls for the client layer which could include several devices that have different settings, users, and environments, a firewall may be added to this forward proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers need to be manually set up to use before they can be used, while reverse proxies are able to be ignored by clients. Depending on whether your IP address client has been transferred to the server of origin through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can get granted, or even made clear.




There are many options to consider for forward proxy options:




Apache: A popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy functions.


Nginx: Another well-known open source webserver with forward proxy functionality.


Squid is a free forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the entire web server. Check out our article on the best method of creating Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, which makes it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer communication. It's also a good idea to look into how to setup a Dante proxy for private connections using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions to act as an agent of web servers, which handles any requests that come in from customers on behalf of the server. Web servers can comprise a single server, or even multiple servers. It could also be used for application servers, such as Gunicorn. In both cases, the request may be made by a client via the web at large. The majority of the time, this request is sent directly to the server which has the resources the client requires. In contrast, a reverse proxy works as an intermediary in order to protect your web server from interactions with the internet's open.




From a customer's point of view, the experience of using reverse proxy isn't different than interacting with your webserver directly. It's basically the same and the user can't tell the difference. Client requests resources and then receives it, without any additional configuration by the client.




Reverse proxy services offer functions like:




Centralized security to web server.


Sending traffic to be directed according to the rules you make.


New caching functionality has been added.




While centralized security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy, the reverse one provides this service to only the server layer and not to the layer that clients use. instead of the maintenance of firewalls for servers on the internet, that could include multiple servers with different configurations, the majority of firewall security may be centered to the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore eliminating the burden of interfacing with firewalls and communicating with clients' requests away from web servers permits them to concentrate on serving the needs of their clients.




In the event of multiple servers that are connected to a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also accountable for controlling which requests go on which server. There may be several web servers that provide the identical service, with various kinds of resources, or a mix of both. They can use the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server, but can also be equipped with application server protocols such as FastCGI. A reverse proxy can be used to direct clients to specific servers depending on the kind of resource they are searching for, or follow specific rules regarding traffic volume.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their location on top of web servers through the possibility of storing information. The large static file can also be configured using caching policies to stop hitting web servers on each request. Some applications allow users to deliver static content directly without ever touching the web server at all. Additionally, reverse proxy can manage compressing these assets.




The popular Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy option. It is factual that Apache web server comes with an reverse proxy, however, it's a separate feature of Apache however Nginx was initially designed for and focuses on reverse proxy functions.



Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic. The labels can be confusing since both kinds of proxies are able to handle requests and also respond. Instead, a better way to distinguish between reverse proxy or forward proxies is to study the specifications of the application that you're creating.




Reverse proxy is an essential feature when designing a solution which can offer web-based services on the internet. They act as your servers when you interact using the internet.




A forward proxy is useful when placed in front of users for personal usage, or in a corporate environment. They represent your clients whenever you interact with the internet.




A case-based approach to distinction instead of focusing only on similar naming conventions can prevent confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified what a proxy was as well as the two types of them being the reverse and forward proxy. Examples of practical application scenarios and a review of useful features was used to distinguish between forward and reverse proxies. If you're looking to know more about the benefits of proxies, then you can read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache in an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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