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It is a proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It is software that acts to act as mediator between client and server over the internet. Without a proxy, a client can make a request for any resource directly to the server, and the server will deliver the resource directly at the request of the customer. While this is a simple method to grasp and implement, the addition of proxies could offer advantages in terms of increased performance and privacy, security and many other benefits. As a layer of pass-through, a proxy acts as a security guardian of the internet between servers and clients.

The consensus is this: the mix of servers hardware and software used to set up proxy installations is usually referred to as proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers which are generally considered to be software, and also when referring to web servers. There will be a discussion of the two main types of proxy servers, which include a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. They each have their own use scenario that is frequently misunderstood because of the similar terminology.

This article will provide you with some knowledge about the types of proxies and what their subtypes are, and how they work in the common configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able to identify the scenarios in which you can benefit from a proxy. You'll then choose the best option between reverse and forward proxy options for each circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy, also known in the form of the open proxy serves as the representative of a customer who wants to make a request through the internet to a source server. In this case the entire attempt to send requests by the user will instead be forwarded by the forward-proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client will review the request. The first step is to determine if the client is allowed to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. The client then decides if it wants to deny a request or forward it to its original server. The client isn't allowed direct access to the internet. It can access only what forward proxy allows the client to access.

A popular use for forward proxy is to achieve greater privacy or security online. A forward proxy is able to access the internet in lieu of a client, and in this manner, it may make use of an alternative IP address to the client's original IP address.

Based on the way it has been configured, the forward proxy will offer various functions based on how it is configured that lets you:

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  Beware of ads that track you.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on the location you are in.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used to secure systems which are centralised and have permission-based access, such as at work. Every internet connection can go by the open forward proxy, an administrator could permit just a few users access to the internet through a common firewall. Instead of creating security firewalls on the server layer, which may comprise a variety of computers with different configurations and users, a firewall could be set up at an intermediate layer of forward proxy.

It is important to remember that forward proxy servers must be manually set up to use however reverse proxies will remain undetected by users. Depending on the type of IP address of a user is sent to the server that originated it from forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted, or if it is left unnoticed.

There are a myriad of possibilities to explore forward proxy options

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  Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server which provides forward-looking proxy services.
  
  
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  Nginx is another popular open-source web server with forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It isn't an entire website server program. Check out our instructions on setting up Squid proxy to connect privately for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer communication. It's also worth taking a look explore how you can set up the Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is the web server which handles requests from clients in its place. Web servers can function as a one server or a number of servers. In addition, it could function in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request will come from an internet-connected user. The request is typically sent directly to the web server, which is the one that has the resources the user is requesting. Instead, a reverse proxy works as an intermediary and shields it from direct contact with the open internet.

From the viewpoint of the client, interfacing using reverse proxy isn't different from connecting to your website server direct. It's essentially the same, and the user is unable to tell the distinction. The client makes a request for a resource, which is followed by receiving it, without any further configuration by the user.

Reverse proxies offer features like:

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  Security centralized for web servers.
  
  
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  Directing traffic according to the rules you decide to define.
  
  
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  Additional functionality for caching.
  
  

Although centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers. However, reverse proxy services provide this benefit to that layer of the internet server but not the layer that clients use. Instead of having to maintain firewalls at the web server layer that can include several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security could be concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally eliminating the hassle of dealing with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients away from web servers allows them to focus on serving the resources.

If there are multiple servers running through a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also handles how requests are routed to which server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the same service, each providing various kinds of resources or a mix of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server, however, they may additionally include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy servers to direct customers to specific servers depending on the resource requested or to observe certain guidelines regarding traffic volume.

Reverse proxies also can profit by their position over web servers, as they provide caching capabilities. Large static assets can be created by using caching rules to stop hitting web servers with each request, with some options allowing users to upload static files directly, without connecting to the web server even once. In addition, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.

The well-known Nginx webserver is a highly well-known reverse proxy solution. While Apache has a reverse proxy option however, it is not a reverse proxy solution. Apache web server has reverse proxy capabilities as an added option for Apache while Nginx was originally designed for and focused on reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization

Since "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and false connections to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels are prone to confusion because both types of proxies handle responses and requests. In addition, the most effective method to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to analyze the requirements of the app that you're developing.

Reverse proxy is a crucial feature when you are creating a solution for serving web applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers in any interaction with the internet.

A forward proxy is useful when it is used before customers for your own use or even in a workplace. They are your client's proxy through any interaction with the internet.

Differentiating by use case as opposed to focusing only on common names will help avoid confusion.

Conclusion

The article explained the significance of a proxy and the two primary types being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for use and a discussion of the most useful features were utilized to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the possibilities of proxies, you can read our guide on how to set up Nginx as an reverse proxy and an internet server with Apache on the Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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