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An proxy is also known as an application called a proxy, acts as an intermediary between the server and client over the internet. In the absence of proxies, a customer could submit a request for the source directly through a server, and the server would serve the resource directly back to the user. Although this method is easy to comprehend and implement, adding proxies offers advantages such as increased performance as well as privacy, security and many more. As a pass-through layer, the proxy serves as a security guardian of the internet between clients and servers.

Generally speaking, the combined combination of server hardware with proxy software is often referred too as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software and in the context of web servers. This article will provide an in-depth breakdown of two types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type of proxy has its own situation, and it is frequently confused due to the same terminology.

This article will provide you with details about what proxy services and their subtypes are and how they function with a range of configurations. Through this article, you will be able to recognize the circumstances in which the use of proxies is beneficial, and choose the most appropriate solution between forward and reverse proxy in any given scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy, sometimes referred to as the open proxy is a proxy for a user who wishes to send a request via the internet to an the server that originated it. In this scenario the entire effort to send requests made by the user will instead be made via the forward proxy. A forward proxy, acting instead of the client will check at the request. Then, it determines whether this client has the right to send requests using this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to reject any request, or forward it to the source server. The client is not able to have direct connection for the web. It is able to access only what forward proxy permits it to access.

A common use of forward proxies is greater privacy and security when surfing the internet. Forward proxy is able to access the internet instead of a client. by doing this, it could use an alternative IP address to the original IP address of the client.

Based on the way it has been configured and how it is configured, forward proxy may provide you with different features based on how it is configured, which allows you to:

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  Do not be a victim of ad-tracking.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Recognize the restrictions based on your geographical location.
  
  

Forward proxies are also utilized for security systems which are centralized and also for access based on permissions in workplaces. When all internet traffic passes via an open forward proxy the administrator is able to permit only a small number of clients online access through the firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls for the client layer, which could comprise a range of computers with different environments and types of users. A firewall may be placed in the forward proxy layer.

It is essential to note that forward proxies need to be manually set up for use and reverse proxies may be hidden from the user. Depending on the type the IP address of the user, they are transferred to the server that is originally through the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could be granted or not.

There are many alternatives to look into for forward proxy services.

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  Apache An open source well-known web server that offers forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx is another widely-used open-source web server with capability to use forward proxy.
  
  
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  Squid: A no-cost forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide the complete web server. You can read our article on how to set up Squid proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante is an forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP and HTTP making it more suitable for applications like peer-to-peer communication. You can also learn how to configure Dante proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary for the web server which manages any requests that come in from clients on behalf of. Web servers can comprise servers, or even multiple servers. Also, it could become an application-server like Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios the request will originate from the web at large. In the majority of cases your request is sent directly to the web server along with the resources the user is looking for. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary and isolates the webserver from direct interaction with the open internet.

From the viewpoint of a user, the experience of using a reverse proxy is no different from communicating with an internet server direct. It's basically the same, but the client is unable to be able to discern the difference. The client asks for an item and receives it, with no further configuration needed from the client.

Reverse proxies can provide features such as:

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  Security centralized on webservers.
  
  
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  Directing incoming traffic based on rules you set.
  
  
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  New caching functionality has been added.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxy servers provide this service only to the layer that is the webserver, not the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls in the web server layer, which could contain multiple servers and different configurations, the majority of firewall security is targeted at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, the removal of the burden of interfacing with firewalls and responding to requests from clients off of web servers enables them to concentrate on the requirements of their clients.

In the event of multiple servers running a reverse-proxy the reverse proxy can also handle the direction in which requests are directed towards which servers. Multiple web servers may be operating from the same host, each providing different kinds of resources, or a combination of both. They may use the HTTP protocol just like a conventional web server, however they can also be equipped with protocols for application servers such as FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy that directs users to a particular server based on the service requested, or to adhere to certain rules regarding the traffic load.

Reverse proxies also gain from their placement on top of web servers, as they provide caching capabilities. Large static assets can be configured by using caching rules in order to avoid the need to call web servers each time you request. Certain software solutions let you directly serve static files without having to communicate with the webserver for even one time. Furthermore the reverse proxy is capable of handling the compression of these assets.

The renowned Nginx web server also functions as a well-known reverse proxy service. Even though Apache is also a reverse proxy service it is not the only one. Apache web server does have reverse proxy capabilities, however, it's a distinct feature to Apache unlike Nginx was initially designed for focus specifically on reverse proxy features.

Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use The Case

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality and misleading comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic, the labels could be confusing as both kinds of proxies handle both requests and replies. The best method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to take into account the needs of the application that you are developing.

Reverse proxy can be useful when you are developing a solution that can provide web-based applications over the internet. They act as your web server for any interaction you make on the internet.

Forward proxy can be useful when put in front of users either for personal use, or even in the workplace. They serve as a representation of your client's traffic whenever you interact on the internet.

The practice of separating by use case instead of using only common naming conventions can ensure that you aren't confused.

Conclusion

This article provides the definition of a proxy with the two main kinds, namely reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical examples of how to use them and a look at useful features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're keen to learn more about the advantages of proxies, then you should read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy in Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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