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It is a proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It's a software which acts to act as an intermediary for a server and a client over the internet. With no proxy in place, a client could make a request for an entity directly through a server, and the server will provide direct access to that resource for the client. Although this method is simple to comprehend and implement using proxy servers, it could provide advantages in terms of better performance, privacy, security, and more. A pass-through layer in addition to proxy, it acts as a security guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




In general, the collection of server hardware and installed proxy software is frequently referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are usually described as software, and in the context of web servers. This article will present an extensive description of two types of proxies: forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage instance, but they're often confused because of the identical name-based convention.




This article will give you details about the types of proxies and what subtypes they are, and how they work in the most common configurations. In this article, you'll be able identify situations in which you can benefit from a proxy and decide on the most appropriate solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy for every situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known as the open proxy, acts as a representative for a client who wishes to send a request through the internet to an origin server. In this case, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client should be directed via this forward proxy. A forward proxy, acting in place of the client, will examine the request. The first step is to determine if the client is permitted to make requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then deny requests or redirect it back to the server originally. The client does not get direct internet access. It is only able to connect to what forward proxy permits for it to reach.




A very popular uses for forward proxies is to increase privacy or anonymity on internet. Forward proxy utilizes the internet as the client, and in this way, it can utilize an alternate IP address that is different to the client's original IP address.




Based on the way it has been configured and the way it's configured, forward proxy may give you a variety of options and allow you to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic area.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that provide central security and allow access through permissions, such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows through a common forward proxy, an administrator could allow only a handful of clients online access, that is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of putting firewalls for the client layer which can include multiple machines with various configurations and users, the firewall can be placed within the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




Be aware that forward proxy servers need to be manually setup for use while reverse proxies could go unnoticed by the client. Depending on the kind of IP address the client, it is relayed to the server from which it originated via the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or not noticed.




There are many possibilities to explore for forward proxy options:




Apache A well-known, open-source web server that offers forward proxy functions.


Nginx is another well-known open source web server that comes with the ability to forward-proxy.


Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire internet server. You can refer to our step-bystep guide for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which makes it more suitable for peer-to-peer traffic. You could also find out how to set up a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as a representative of a web server that handles the incoming requests of clients for. This web server may be a single server or multiple servers. Additionally, it can serve as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any case, the request will be received from a client through the web in general. In most cases, the request will go directly to the web server with the information the client needs of. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary and isolates it from any directly interacting with the open internet.




From the perspective of a user the experience of interacting with reverse proxy isn't different from connecting to the web server directly. It's the same thing, and the client doesn't know the distinction. The client asks for the resource, and it receives it, with no extra configuration needed by the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is secured centrally.


Directing traffic in accordance with rules you decide to decide to define.


Additional functions for caching.




While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxy provides this benefit only to Web layer servers, but not to the layer that clients use. instead of maintaining firewalls on the web server layer that may contain several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is concentrated on that layer called reverse proxy. Additionally to removing the burden of interacting with firewalls as well as communicating requests from clients who aren't connected to web servers allows them to focus solely on serving resources.




In the case of multiple servers that are behind a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also accountable for directing which requests pass through which server. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact same resource, offering different kinds of resources, or a mixture of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol similar to traditional web servers but they could also incorporate application server protocols like FastCGI. There is the possibility to configure reverse proxy services to direct clients to specific servers based on the resource requested or to follow certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit by their position prior to web servers, offering caching capabilities. Massive static images can be configured using caching rules to prevent having to contact web servers every time you request. There are even solutions allowing users to serve static assets directly without touching the web server for any reason. Additionally, reverse proxy is able to handle the compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server also functions as a very popular reverse proxy option. While Apache can also be a reverse proxy option however, the Apache web server also comes with a reverse proxy that is an additional feature for Apache but Nginx was initially designed for and focuses on the reverse proxy feature.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Examples



Since "forward" or "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality and are misinterpreted as comparing "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxies process requests and responses. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to study the requirements of the app you're building.




Reverse proxy can be a valuable tool to develop an option to provide web-based internet-based services. They act as your web server when you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy applications are beneficial to show clients' personal use, or in a professional setting. They serve as the proxy for your client for any interaction on the internet.




The practice of segregating by use case instead of using standard naming conventions makes it easier for people to stay clear of confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes what a proxy is, along with two kinds, specifically, the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a review of the beneficial features were used to distinguish forward proxies from reverse proxies. If you'd like to discover the possibilities of proxy services, then you should read our guide on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy within Apache using Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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