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It is a proxy is also referred to as proxy server software that sits as a mediator between client and server on internet. Without the use of a proxy, users could send a request for an item directly to the server and it would deliver direct to users who requested the resource. Although this method is easy to understand and implement but using proxies provides benefits in terms of better performance, privacy, security, and more. In addition to passing through, a proxy serves as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




The general consensus is this: the mix of hardware for servers with installed proxy software is often called proxy servers. This article we'll concentrate on proxies that are typically described as software as well as those used together using web servers. This article will provide the full description of two types of proxies: that is one that is a forward proxy and one called a reverse proxy. Each type comes with its own specific use case that is frequently confused due to the same name convention.




This article will provide you with some knowledge about what proxies are and what they are subtypes of, as well as the ways in which they can be beneficial in common configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able to determine the situations that a proxy could be useful, and then decide the appropriate choice for forward proxy or reverse proxy for any particular situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy sometimes known in the form of an open proxy is the representative of a client who attempts to transmit requests via the internet to an source server. In this case, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will rather be directed to this forward proxy. In this case, the forward proxy in place of the client, will scrutinize the request. At the beginning, it will determine if the client is permitted to send requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it decides to deny this request as well as transfer it over to the origin server. It's not able direct connection via the Internet. It is only able to access the information the forward proxy allows it access to.




The most common use for forward proxies is for greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy connects to the internet as a personal client. In this process, it can use another IP address in contrast to the IP address used by the client.




Depending on how they were set up in the past forward proxy servers may give you a variety of choices, allowing you to:




Beware of ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Establish restrictions based on the location of residence.




Forward proxies are also employed in systems to provide central security and permission based access, for example, at work. If all internet traffic passes via an open forward proxy, an administrator can grant only a few clients online access, which is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of ensuring firewalls are in place for the client layer that can include multiple machines that are different in terms of user and environment the firewall can be placed at the layer which forwards proxy traffic.




Be aware that forward proxies need to be set up manually prior to use, whereas reverse proxy are often ignored by clients. Depending on whether clients' IP addresses are sent to the origin server via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could be granted or made transparent.




There are many possibilities to consider in the case of forward proxies:




Apache An open source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that makes use of an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide the entire web server service. Check out our guide on the best method to set up Squid proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy which makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it more suitable for use scenarios like peer-to -peer traffic. It is also possible to check out how to set up the Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is a representative of a server on the internet that handles requests from customers on its behalf. The web server may represent a single or several servers. Furthermore, it could be an application server like Gunicorn. In any of these cases, it is possible to receive a request via the internet at large. Most of the time the request is delivered directly to the server with the resources that the user is looking for. The reverse proxy is a intermediary, and blocks your web server from interaction with the open internet.




From a client's perspective from a client's perspective using a reverse proxy isn't any different from communicating directly with you web server directly. It's basically the same, and the client can't discern the difference. Client requests a resource, that is then followed by receiving it, with no additional configurations required for the end user.




Reverse proxy proxies may offer some features, including:




Centrally secured for Web Server Layer.


Directing traffic in accordance with rules you can set up.


Additional functions for caching.




Although central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit to only the server layer, and not to the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls at the web server layer which can contain several servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security resides at the layer of reverse proxy. Additionally, getting rid of the necessity of interacting with firewalls and responding to requests from clients far from web servers allows the firewall to focus on the requirements of their clients.




If there are multiple servers connected to a reverse proxy the reverse proxy will also take care of how requests are routed to the server. Multiple web servers may be operating within the same system and serving different types of resources, or a combination of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol in the same way as a traditional web server. They can include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to send customers to specific servers according to the type of resource they are seeking, or to follow certain rules to manage traffic load.




Reverse proxies also profit by their position prior to web servers, by providing the capability of caching. Large static assets are able to be configured using caching guidelines to avoid having to connect to web servers with each request, with certain services offering the possibility to serve static files directly without having to connect to the internet server for even one time. Furthermore reverse proxy can handle the compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx web server is known as a reverse proxy service. You can also use it, Apache web server is also equipped with reverse proxy feature it's a distinct feature that is available for Apache and Nginx was initially designed for and focused on the reverse proxy function.



Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and Reverse Use



Due to the fact that "forward" or "reverse" come with connotations of directionality and false distinctions between "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic. The labels are confusing because both kinds of proxies can be used to respond to requests as well as responses. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies is to examine the requirements of the application that you are creating.




Reverse proxy is helpful in the development of a solution to provide web-based services over the internet. They act as your servers when you interact with the internet.




Forward proxy can be beneficial when they are used before a client for your personal use or in the workplace. They are a representation of your traffic whenever you use the internet.




A distinction based on use cases instead of focusing exclusively upon similar conventions for naming will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains the definition of a proxy with the two types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios and a look at advantageous features were utilized to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxies, then take a look at our tutorial on how you can configure Nginx as reverse and web server proxy for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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