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A proxy can also be described as proxy server software that acts in the role of a mediator a client and server over the internet. Without an intermediary, a customer would make an inquiry directly to the server and the server would serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxies, it can provide benefits like increased speed and privacy, and many other. Apart from providing a layer of security, proxies act as a safeguard for the internet between users and servers.




In general, the bundle of server hardware that includes proxy software is commonly referred to as proxy servers. But, this article will be focusing on proxies traditionally defined as software, but also when referring to web servers. We will present a summary of the two principal kinds: one being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different usage, which may be confusing due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will provide you with the knowledge of the types of proxy services available and their subtypes are, as well as the ways they can be useful for common setups. In this article, you'll be in a position to recognize the scenarios that you can gain by a proxy, and select the correct solution in the case of forward or reverse proxy, in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy also known in the context of being an open proxy, acts as the representative of a customer who would like to transmit requests through the internet to the server that created it. In this case, it's the case that all requests from the client are instead directed directly into forward proxy. This forward proxy acting in the place that of the customer, is able to take a look at the request. In the beginning, it will determine whether the client is allowed to send requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either deny requests or redirect it to the original server. The client is not capable of having an internet connection directly. it is only capable of accessing the data that forward-proxy permits the client to access.




One popular reason to use forward proxy is the need for more privacy or security online. Forward proxy is able to access the internet as a client. In this manner, it utilizes another IP address, in contrast to your client's IP address.




Depending on how it's been configured, based on how it is configured forward proxy can provide a variety of functions in addition to the ability to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies also are employed in systems that provide central security and access based on permissions, for example, in a workplace. In the event that all internet traffic flows by an open forward proxy an administrator can restrict access to only certain users to the internet via the common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer which could comprise multiple computers that have different configurations and user the firewall can be placed at the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxy servers must be configured manually to utilize and reverse proxies could go unnoticed by the client. Depending on the kind of IP address a client is transferred to the server that originated it through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or not.




There are numerous options to investigate for forward proxy services:




Apache: A popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't come with a complete Web server software. It is possible to refer to our instructions for setting up Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP and is more suitable for use cases like peer-to-peer connections. You can also learn how to set up Dante proxy to support private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts acting as an intermediary for the web server. It handles any requests that come in from clients in its place. The web server can serve as a single server, or a number of servers. Furthermore, it could function as an app server such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios the request will come from a user on the internet at large. Most of the time the request will be directed directly to the webserver that has all the resources the client would be looking for. In contrast, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, protecting the webserver from direct contact with the open internet.




From the perspective of a user an individual's point of view, the process of using reverse proxy is not any different than working with a Web server itself. It's essentially the same thing, however the client is unable to tell the distinction. Client makes the request to access an item, and it is followed by receiving it with no further configuration needed from the client.




Reverse proxy proxies may offer some features, including:




Security centralized for web servers.


Controlling traffic inbound based on rules that you establish.


The caching function has been added to the app.




While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies give this benefit to Web layer servers and not to the layer that clients use. instead of having to maintain firewalls at Web server layers which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of the firewall security is aimed on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, the absence to interface with a firewall and interfacing with requests from clients off of web servers enables them to concentrate on delivering resources.




In the event of multiple servers working behind a reverse proxy, it is also able to control the way requests are routed to the correct server. Many web servers may be offering the same service, and each offering different types of resources, or some combination of both. They may employ an HTTP protocol to serve as a standard web server, but can also include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to route users to specific servers based on the requested resource or to adhere to certain traffic load rules.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their positioning before web servers by virtue of caching. Massive static resources can be set up using caching rules in order that they avoid having to contact web servers for every request. There are solutions that provide the option to directly serve static assets without having to connect to a web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy could handle the compressing the assets.




The popular Nginx web server can be described as an effective reverse proxy service. While you can use it, the Apache web server, it also includes reverse proxy capabilities as an added feature of Apache in contrast to Nginx was originally designed to and concentrates on reverse proxy functionality.



The distinction between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" and "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and false connections to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxy services are capable of handling requests as well as responses. A better approach to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy services is to take into account the requirements of the application that you are developing.




A reverse proxy is a good option when you are developing an application that can serve websites on the internet. They serve as your web servers in any interactions on the web.




Forward proxy software is beneficial when they are used to block clients for personal use, or in a workplace setting. They are a representation of the client's web traffic in any interaction on the internet.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on similar naming conventions will aid in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified definition of a proxy with the two most common types that are the forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a look at beneficial characteristics were used for the definition of forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about how proxies are implemented check out our guide on how to set up Nginx to act as an Internet server, and reverse proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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